RC模型的聚合物鋰電池發展的簡史
電池是電動模型的動力基礎。20多年過去了,動力電池有了很大的發展,鎳氫電池,聚合物鋰電池也進入(ru)了模型飛機的(de)領域。下面我們來看看RC模型的(de)聚合物鋰(li)電池(chi)發展(zhan)的(de)簡(jian)史。
由于利用電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)而(er)發動(dong)的機(ji)型(xing)被稱為電(dian)動(dong)模(mo)型(xing),而(er)用于使電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)工作(zuo)的電(dian)池是動(dong)力電(dian)池。對于模(mo)型(xing)飛機(ji)的飛行性能來(lai)說非(fei)常重要。
電動模型飛機使用的電池種類繁多,如太陽能電池,銀鋅電池,鋰電池,鎳鎘電池,鎳氫電池等。對于太陽能電(dian)池(chi)(chi)輸出電(dian)流(liu)小(xiao),所(suo)以(yi)必須做大(da)面積使(shi)電(dian)動(dong)模型飛(fei)行(xing),而且成(cheng)本昂貴(gui),因(yin)此(ci)很少(shao)采用。銀鋅電(dian)池(chi)(chi)具(ju)有較高(gao)的(de)比能量(liang),大(da)電(dian)流(liu)放電(dian)能力很強(qiang),但電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命短(duan),而且價(jia)格(ge)昂貴(gui),易(yi)漏,易(yi)掉落,所(suo)以(yi)無人(ren)問津(jin)。目前,在模型飛(fei)機上使(shi)用的(de)流(liu)行(xing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是鎳(nie)系(xi)列電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)(chi))和(he)新型鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(聚合物(wu)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi))。
1970年(nian),電(dian)動(dong)模型(xing)飛機在歐美國家(jia)開始(shi)流(liu)行,主(zhu)要是由于(yu)具(ju)有(you)強大反復充放(fang)電(dian)的鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)在當時已進(jin)入實(shi)際應用(yong)推廣和批量生產階段。然(ran)而(er),在21世紀初(chu),鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的性能優于(yu)鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi),它具(ju)有(you)記(ji)憶(yi)效應小,對環境(jing)污染小等特點,因此已被(bei)廣泛應用(yong)于(yu)模型(xing)飛機電(dian)源,成為主(zhu)流(liu)品種之一。
鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池早期用作(zuo)一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)池,不漏(lou)電(dian)(dian),比能(neng)量(liang)高,但內阻大,無法提供大電(dian)(dian)流使電(dian)(dian)模(mo)飛機飛行。但到(dao)了上世紀末,我們已經能(neng)夠提供可充電(dian)(dian)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池,但當時鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池更貴,而且放電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力只能(neng)使模(mo)型平面水(shui)平飛行。
在早期階段,研究鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)軍事,后來(lai)在民用(yong)(yong)(yong)方面(mian),人們在巨大(da)(da)的(de)經濟利(li)益下更加關注(zhu)其的(de)發展(zhan)和(he)投資(zi)。因(yin)(yin)此,在20世紀(ji)末和(he)21世紀(ji)初取(qu)得了(le)突破性進展(zhan)。目前(qian),鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)已被用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)手機,相機,筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦等(deng)領域,取(qu)代了(le)鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。近年(nian)來(lai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)RC模(mo)型(xing)平面(mian)推廣(guang)的(de)鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)仍在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)。起初,業余愛好者嘗試使用(yong)(yong)(yong)放在遙控(kong)飛(fei)(fei)機上的(de)手機鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)來(lai)制作飛(fei)(fei)行,并(bing)且獲(huo)得的(de)飛(fei)(fei)行時間比鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)長。后來(lai),它吸引(yin)了(le)兩個行業的(de)制造(zao)商。成功的(de)研究出聚合(he)物鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)材料和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚合(he)物結合(he)在一起后,鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力方面(mian)表現得更強,更適合(he)航(hang)空模(mo)型(xing),因(yin)(yin)此聚合(he)物鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)成為RC模(mo)型(xing)飛(fei)(fei)機的(de)主流(liu)品(pin)種(zhong)。根據長遠(yuan)發展(zhan),從現在開(kai)始(shi)聚合(he)物鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)將為模(mo)型(xing)飛(fei)(fei)機上提供(gong)動(dong)力相當長一段時間。






