我們今天來聊一下無人機電池上的(de)(de)(de)(de)字母(mu)和(he)數(shu)字的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)義，例如：電動遙控飛機中使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰聚合物（LiPo）電池，通常我(wo)們(men)(men)會看(kan)到幾個(ge)標(biao)準電氣術語(yu)：“電壓”或“電池數(shu)”;?“存儲容量”;?和(he)“當前”或“排放率限制。”任何LiPo標(biao)簽，我(wo)們(men)(men)至少會看(kan)到這(zhe)三個(ge)項(xiang)目。它們(men)(men)是用于所(suo)有電氣領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)術語(yu)，所(suo)以(yi)，了解它們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)義并(bing)正(zheng)確使用它們(men)(men)非(fei)常重(zhong)要(yao)哦，我(wo)們(men)(men)接著往下看(kan)！

1、電壓

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組成，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)串(chuan)聯和/或并聯連接(jie)以構成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。任何電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)取決于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)單(dan)元內(nei)材料的(de)(de)化(hua)學成分(fen)。鎳(nie)鎘（Ni-Cd）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)參考電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或標(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)1.2伏。鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)標(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)2.0伏。典型的(de)(de)LiPo電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)具有(you)每電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)3.7伏的(de)(de)標(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)倍(bei)數，因此六(liu)個鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組成(cheng)12伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)池。三芯串聯（3S）LiPo標(biao)(biao)記為“11.1伏”，6S電(dian)(dian)(dian)池標(biao)(biao)簽標(biao)(biao)記為“22.2伏”。在(zai)完全充電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態下，LiPo電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)將(jiang)接近每單元4.2伏，并且(qie)截止(zhi)或最小(xiao)允許電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池3.0伏。

兩個1800mAh電池(chi)標簽(qian)顯(xian)示不同的(de)C速(su)率(lv)。tattu電池(chi)顯(xian)示一個45C速(su)率(lv)，而另(ling)外一個顯(xian)示75C速(su)率(lv)。

這些電池的標簽除了以(yi)安(an)培小時為(wei)單位的存(cun)儲容量(liang)外，還(huan)顯示出(chu)以(yi)瓦時為(wei)單位的能量(liang)容量(liang)。E-flite標簽指定(ding)充(chong)電電壓(ya)，而ElectriFly指定(ding)充(chong)電電流。

2、存儲容量

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)存儲容量(liang)(liang)（C）被描述為在保持(chi)高(gao)于截止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)它可以(yi)在一段時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間內傳遞的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷量(liang)(liang)，并且(qie)基本上由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)決定(ding)。通(tong)常，較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)LiPo電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具有(you)更大(da)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)，更大(da)的(de)(de)(de)Ni-Cds也是如此。容量(liang)(liang)以(yi)安(an)培 – 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（Ah）或(huo)毫安(an) – 小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（mAh）來(lai)度(du)量(liang)(liang)，并且(qie)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可提供(gong)(gong)給定(ding)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)來(lai)定(ding)義(yi)。這意(yi)味著容量(liang)(liang)為1Ah的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在達到(dao)其截止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓之前能夠在一小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內提供(gong)(gong)一安(an)培的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。它還可以(yi)提供(gong)(gong)500mA的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)兩小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，或(huo)兩安(an)培半小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。MaxAmps的(de)(de)(de)Josh Barker向我證實(shi)，標(biao)簽容量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)標(biao)準是一小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)排(pai)放率。

注(zhu)意了，存儲(chu)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)它不是(shi)一個常數。增加放電(dian)電(dian)流會降(jiang)低電(dian)池的容(rong)(rong)量(liang)，同樣會降(jiang)低極端溫度。同樣值得(de)注(zhu)意的是(shi)，我(wo)(wo)們很(hen)少(shao)使(shi)用(yong)電(dian)池的全(quan)部容(rong)(rong)量(liang)，因為這(zhe)樣做可(ke)能會對(dui)(dui)電(dian)池造成損壞并(bing)縮短其(qi)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)。我(wo)(wo)計算飛行(xing)時(shi)間，以便在(zai)電(dian)池接(jie)近存儲(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)降(jiang)落：每(mei)節電(dian)池3.8伏。這(zhe)使(shi)得(de)大約45％的容(rong)(rong)量(liang)未被(bei)使(shi)用(yong)，但它允許在(zai)失敗的著陸(lu)嘗試中獲得(de)安全(quan)余量(liang)，并(bing)且電(dian)池容(rong)(rong)易(yi)使(shi)用(yong)。這(zhe)對(dui)(dui)我(wo)(wo)來說也很(hen)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)，因為一旦我(wo)(wo)完成飛行(xing)，我(wo)(wo)就(jiu)不必充電(dian)或放電(dian)到存儲(chu)水平。

3、使用“C”

在所有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)中，容量用(yong)于定(ding)義其他幾種(zhong)速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)，例如(ru)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)，這(zhe)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)讓(rang)事情變得有(you)些混(hun)亂。不(bu)正確(que)地(di)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)損壞它(ta)，因(yin)此(ci)制造商(shang)指(zhi)定(ding)安(an)全(quan)的(de)最(zui)大充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)，以C的(de)倍數為準。對于我們使用(yong)的(de)LiPos，1C的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)幾乎總是安(an)全(quan)且容易對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。一些制造商(shang)指(zhi)定(ding)更高的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)(lv)。例如(ru)，Pulse Batteries和MaxAmps規(gui)(gui)定(ding)了5C的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)，因(yin)此(ci)我會(hui)不(bu)時地(di)使用(yong)該速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)。對于常規(gui)(gui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，我堅持(chi)更溫和的(de)1C速(su)(su)(su)率(lv)(lv)，因(yin)為我認為它(ta)有(you)助于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)持(chi)續更長時間。

術語“C-速(su)率(lv)”用(yong)于定義電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。與費率(lv)一樣，此(ci)數字指定為(wei)(wei)(wei)C的(de)倍數，例(li)如(ru)20C。有時標簽會(hui)顯示一個范(fan)圍，例(li)如(ru)25-50C，有時它會(hui)顯示連(lian)(lian)(lian)續和脈(mo)沖，或30秒的(de)速(su)率(lv)。連(lian)(lian)(lian)續C速(su)率(lv)是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)完全(quan)放電(dian)(dian)提供的(de)最大(da)放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，從完全(quan)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)到截止電(dian)(dian)壓，而不會(hui)損壞電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。30秒的(de)C速(su)率(lv)是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)以(yi)在不損壞電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)情況(kuang)下為(wei)(wei)(wei)短時脈(mo)沖提供30秒的(de)放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。對于5000mAh 25-45C電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，這(zhe)意味著(zhu)125安(an)(an)培的(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)續電(dian)(dian)流(liu)和225安(an)(an)培的(de)脈(mo)沖電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。