航模電池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)系(xi)統(tong)控制架構是最大(da)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量和(he)最小(xiao)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)的重要部分。在本文中，我們首(shou)先討論對比鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，航(hang)模電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)怎么(me)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)？

鋰電池的正確充電方法

大(da)多數專用的航模電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)集成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路（IC）都是以這(zhe)種方式為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。航模電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)分(fen)三(san)種充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法：預(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)恒定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)（CC）和(he)恒定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（CV）。當(dang)在(zai)預(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)步驟中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)元電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)(wei)3.0V或更低時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)以低速(su)(su)(su)（快(kuai)速(su)(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)的1/10）充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這(zhe)恢復了(le)鈍化層，該(gai)鈍化層在(zai)長期儲存時(shi)可以完全放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)在(zai)過度(du)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)短(duan)路的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)陽極上發生部分(fen)銅擊穿時(shi)，它還可以防(fang)止1C充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)(su)率（1小時(shi)內的1C速(su)(su)(su)度(du)，可以完全放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)）過熱(re)。

1、當鋰電池電壓達到3.0V時，充電器進入CC步驟

快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)常限(xian)制在0.5C至1C的(de)速(su)度(du)，以防止過熱(re)并(bing)因此變(bian)質。必(bi)須調(diao)整速(su)度(du)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度(du)不超(chao)過45°C。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)高速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)達(da)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)調(diao)節限(xian)值（基(ji)于(yu)LiCoO 2的(de)陰極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為4.2V /電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，基(ji)于(yu)LiCoO 2的(de)陽極(ji)耦(ou)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)為4.4V）是的(de)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)完全充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器開始控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，并(bing)且(qie)當進入(ru)CV級時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)急劇下降到預(yu)定的(de)結(jie)束水(shui)平。為避免長時間(jian)對死電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，通(tong)(tong)常需要快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全計時器。即使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)未達(da)到關(guan)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，也必(bi)須在安全時間(jian)結(jie)束后關(guan)閉(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。

2、電池容量是電池電壓的函數

通常，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓越高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)越大。但是，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓越高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)越短。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高(gao)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)正(zheng)極材料與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質反應更快，并且鈷材料在化(hua)學(xue)反應期間永久損(sun)失(shi)。因此(ci)，可用的(de)(de)儲能材料減(jian)少，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)損(sun)失(shi)。在4.3V充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最初可以增加大約10％的(de)(de)額(e)外容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命(ming)減(jian)半。另一方(fang)面，如(ru)果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)未(wei)充滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)會(hui)降低。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)以40 mV的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，總容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)約8％會(hui)減(jian)少。因此(ci)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)準確性非常重要。

3、時間，是電池充電的主要因素

在(zai)恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流狀態下，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)總(zong)容量的70％需(xu)要約30％的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，而在(zai)恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓狀態下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)僅(jin)占充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的約70％。這是(shi)因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部存在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內阻越(yue)低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)越(yue)短。增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流速(su)率不是(shi)縮(suo)短電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)的有效方(fang)(fang)法。在(zai)恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流狀態下可以(yi)縮(suo)短充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，但是(shi)在(zai)恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓狀態下充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)增加(jia)。因此，縮(suo)短總(zong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)非常(chang)小。另一方(fang)(fang)面，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流速(su)率為1C或更高(gao)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命受(shou)到(dao)影響。

注(zhu)意，以上(shang)只是說明(ming)(ming)一些鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)形式，僅供參考，另外，航模電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)不必如此麻(ma)煩，只需按照產商(shang)說明(ming)(ming)書，避免過充(chong)，需要(yao)人(ren)看護著充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，做好(hao)防護措施即可。