在該電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的結構是由(you)多(duo)個小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)，所(suo)述電(dian)(dian)池(chi)中的一個小(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)被配(pei)置為負(fu)極(ji)板(ban)，隔膜，電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外殼或類似的基本(ben)單(dan)元的正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)，提高了(le)每(mei)一個板(ban)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(ban)的數量、大小(xiao)(xiao)的周圍產生2.1V的電(dian)(dian)動勢。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外部由(you)殼體(ti)包圍，并具有由(you)鉛(qian)合金制成的端子(zi)柱(zhu)。端子(zi)的較大直徑是“+”端子(zi)（它易于氧化，因為它與內部過氧化物引線連接，導致腐蝕）。

如果(guo)忽略這種腐蝕，就(jiu)不能(neng)平穩地進行(xing)充電(dian)(dian)和(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)操作，而且(qie)會縮短電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)壽命，甚(shen)至可(ke)能(neng)無法正常工(gong)作。端子的(de)(de)較小直(zhi)徑是(shi)’ – ‘端子。殼體上部有(you)由合(he)成(cheng)樹脂制成(cheng)的(de)(de)通(tong)氣塞（未示(shi)出MF電(dian)(dian)池）的(de)(de)情況下是(shi)與粘(zhan)合(he)劑保(bao)持粘(zhan)合(he)，一個(ge)孔(kong)的(de)(de)蓋用于(yu)使(shi)(shi)等注射或(huo)注射器和(he)溫度計比重計用于(yu)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)溶(rong)液或(huo)蒸餾水(shui)，還(huan)有(you)一個(ge)用于(yu)固定孔(kong)的(de)(de)通(tong)氣塞。在該插頭的(de)(de)中(zhong)心或(huo)側面有(you)一個(ge)小孔(kong)，用于(yu)從電(dian)(dian)池內(nei)部排(pai)出氧氣和(he)氫氣。排(pai)出化(hua)學(xue)能(neng)是(shi)指使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，負(fu)極板（PBO的(de)(de)正極板的(de)(de)過氧化(hua)鉛(qian)）被改變為硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)（2 SO 4的(de)(de)稀硫(liu)酸(suan)是(shi)正電(dian)(dian)極板的(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)材料）并與水(shui)（H 2O）反應和(he)比重下降。因此，如果(guo)繼續放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，則(ze)活(huo)性(xing)材料變成(cheng)硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)（PbSO 4），并且(qie)不能(neng)產生電(dian)(dian)。該狀態稱為完全放(fang)電(dian)(dian)狀態。

在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)液（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應濃度被(bei)填(tian)充，所以成(cheng)比(bi)例(li)變化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。用于填(tian)充是(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相反，硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反應（在(zai)陰極和陽極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硫(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)）是(shi)當由發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機正(zheng)極板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能逐(zhu)漸產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過氧化(hua)(hua)物引線(xian)（PBO 2），負極板被(bei)改變到（Pb）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質與基板上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性材料(liao)反應，以增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)其比(bi)重。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)返(fan)回到完全充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態，為(wei)(wei)水的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)陽極氧（O 2），在(zai)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氫（H 2）中(zhong)產(chan)生，而硫(liu)酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)重逐(zhu)漸降(jiang)低，而填(tian)充在(zai)水比(bi)重增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)它(ta)變成(cheng)硫(liu)酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式。這是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)特征。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性值(zhi)用12V 60AH 550CCA（CCP）表示(shi)(shi)，12V是(shi)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。如果指示(shi)(shi)12V，則表示(shi)(shi)六(liu)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板（CELL）串聯連接。（計算為(wei)(wei)每(mei)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)2V）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓隨電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度而變化(hua)(hua)，據說每(mei)攝氏度每(mei)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)(wei)0.2到0.3mV。也就是(shi)說，雖然溫(wen)(wen)度變化(hua)(hua)，但是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)會被(bei)忽略，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值(zhi)是(shi)非(fei)常小變化(hua)(hua)。這意(yi)味著在(zai)60AH朝向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯示(shi)(shi)容量取決(jue)于放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，比(bi)重和溫(wen)(wen)度，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液（老化(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態下。

這個(ge)容量(liang)(liang)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)限制后（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)凍結程度放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)隨后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降低的(de)(de)(de)發生相(xiang)當突然，當排出(chu)到冷凍極限過放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會產生不(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)影響）不(bu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)或多個(ge)選(xuan)擇汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為1.75 V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液的(de)(de)(de)比重(zhong)(zhong)基于1.140。可以放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)是A.h額定一般由(you)（ampere.hour）表(biao)(biao)示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容量(liang)(liang)，并(bing)且在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)溶液溫度為27℃的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率由(you)20小(xiao)時表(biao)(biao)示(shi)。已充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)被放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，限（每單元電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液比重(zhong)(zhong)1.140 1.75V）進行20小(xiao)時，它指的(de)(de)(de)是可以在當前(qian)被排出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)(liang)（Ah）=放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流（A）×20小(xiao)時。

如上所(suo)述，60Ah的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)27℃的(de)溫(wen)度(du)下放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3A 20小時(shi)(shi)。當放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)下超過(guo)60℃會(hui)(hui)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液的(de)溫(wen)度(du)，有升高(gao)超出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極板的(de)額定容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)被削弱（腐(fu)蝕，該板的(de)活性(xing)物質的(de)分(fen)離），并(bing)顯著(zhu)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。相反，溫(wen)度(du)越(yue)低(di)(di)，容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)越(yue)低(di)(di)，因為(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)低(di)(di)溫(wen)度(du)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學性(xing)能較(jiao)慢。請注意，在(zai)(zai)(zai)-18°C時(shi)(shi)，僅顯示了(le)40％的(de)性(xing)能。這(zhe)就是(shi)為(wei)什么在(zai)(zai)(zai)冬天早晨電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)減少(shao)和(he)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)負荷(he)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)時(shi)(shi)難以(yi)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)原(yuan)因。而(er)且(qie)(qie)，容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)根(gen)據充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)而(er)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)，并(bing)且(qie)(qie)當充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)足時(shi)(shi)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)的(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)降低(di)(di)。然而(er)，即(ji)使充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)到放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)約120％或更多，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)的(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)也(ye)不(bu)會(hui)(hui)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)太多。這(zhe)是(shi)因為(wei)大部分(fen)最終(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)被消耗以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池液體(ti)中的(de)水并(bing)產生(sheng)熱量(liang)(liang)。所(suo)以(yi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)使用’S’端(duan)子(zi)控(kong)制(zhi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，同時(shi)(shi)觀察電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態。因此，如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可(ke)能放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則應選擇較(jiao)大的(de)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)。冷啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)安培（550CCA）意味著(zhu)低(di)(di)溫(wen)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)，這(zhe)是(shi)發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)啟(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)的(de)典型特征(zheng)，并(bing)隨溫(wen)度(du)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條件而(er)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)。