一般來說蓄電池的(de)正(zheng)(zheng)負極都有(you)符號標(biao)識(shi)，但是有(you)時候總有(you)意外，會(hui)被(bei)外界機械磨(mo)損，蓄電(dian)(dian)池上(shang)的(de)正(zheng)(zheng)負極標(biao)識(shi)會(hui)被(bei)掉。下面(mian)就(jiu)介紹(shao)幾(ji)種正(zheng)(zheng)確識(shi)別(bie)舊蓄電(dian)(dian)瓶正(zheng)(zheng)負電(dian)(dian)極的(de)簡易方法．以供大家在自行充電(dian)(dian)或檢(jian)測時作快(kuai)速判斷。

1.根據(ju)蓄電瓶電極設計特點判斷

一(yi)(yi)般常用的(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)在(zai)生(sheng)產設計時．其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)樁較粗些(xie)的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)．另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)則細些(xie)為(wei)(wei)負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，同時可(ke)(ke)辨認一(yi)(yi)下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)樁柱的(de)顏色(se)，其(qi)中正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)樁柱呈現深棕色(se)，而負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)則呈現為(wei)(wei)深灰色(se)。另外有些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的(de)正(zheng)負(fu)標記用英文字母表示，即P表示為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，N表示為(wei)(wei)負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)(ji)，這(zhe)在(zai)檢修充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時可(ke)(ke)千萬不能搞(gao)錯。

2．采用萬用表電壓擋測量

可(ke)將萬用表(biao)撥至直流擋(dang)位上，兩表(biao)筆(bi)分別(bie)跨接(jie)在(zai)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上，此(ci)時若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)顯示出(chu)正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值，則證明(ming)紅色(se)表(biao)筆(bi)所(suo)(suo)觸(chu)(chu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)．而黑表(biao)筆(bi)處(chu)則為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。有時測得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)無正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)存在(zai)，則可(ke)測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的弱(ruo)微(wei)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量加以判(pan)斷。當兩表(biao)筆(bi)碰觸(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)后，表(biao)針(zhen)若向右(you)微(wei)微(wei)晃(huang)動(dong)，即證明(ming)紅筆(bi)處(chu)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)．黑表(biao)筆(bi)處(chu)為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。但如果萬用表(biao)指針(zhen)向左晃(huang)動(dong)(表(biao)針(zhen)反打)，則證明(ming)紅筆(bi)所(suo)(suo)觸(chu)(chu)及處(chu)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。

3.采(cai)用導線短路(lu)進行識別

將兩(liang)根(gen)銅(tong)芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)分別跨接(jie)在(zai)(zai)待測定的(de)(de)舊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極處，再將正常配置好(hao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(濃鹽水)倒入(ru)(ru)一(yi)只玻璃(li)茶杯(bei)內，將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)分別插入(ru)(ru)茶杯(bei)內，并(bing)各(ge)自(zi)(zi)擱放在(zai)(zai)玻璃(li)杯(bei)兩(liang)側邊沿(yan)(兩(liang)線(xian)在(zai)(zai)杯(bei)中不能相碰)，然后觀察各(ge)自(zi)(zi)引線(xian)端(duan)(duan)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液中的(de)(de)冒(mao)泡情(qing)況，如果(guo)某一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)線(xian)端(duan)(duan)氣(qi)泡上泛(fan)的(de)(de)小泡明顯而又較(jiao)多時．則說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)連接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)為負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極，氣(qi)泡上泛(fan)少而又不明顯端(duan)(duan)則為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)(de)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極。

4.利(li)用整流二極管測(ce)定

電(dian)(dian)源穩壓器中(zhong)的整流二極(ji)管(guan)具(ju)有單向導電(dian)(dian)性能可找一(yi)支整流二極(ji)管(guan)．一(yi)只40w白(bai)熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)．然后依次(ci)按電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的一(yi)個樁(zhuang)柱(zhu)→二極(ji)管(guan)+端(duan)→二極(ji)管(guan)-端(duan)→白(bai)熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)→電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)另一(yi)樁(zhuang)柱(zhu)順(shun)序串(chuan)接(jie)起來，形成一(yi)個電(dian)(dian)燈(deng)(deng)串(chuan)聯回路，此時若(ruo)回路中(zhong)的白(bai)熾(chi)燈(deng)(deng)被點燃發光，則證明二極(ji)管(guan)極(ji)端(duan)與電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)樁(zhuang)柱(zhu)連接(jie)處為(wei)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的正電(dian)(dian)極(ji)，另一(yi)端(duan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)的負電(dian)(dian)極(ji)。