鋰電池UPS常見技術參數。挑選鋰電池UPS的時候，當自身根據所需求應用鋰電池UPS的領域或者根據鋰電池廠家的(de)建議選(xuan)(xuan)定了(le)具體類型的(de)鋰電池UPS，比如說(shuo)機房選(xuan)(xuan)機架式UPS或者(zhe)塔式UPS之類的(de)。選(xuan)(xuan)定了(le)鋰電池UPS的(de)類型之后呢?之后就需要(yao)更具體的(de)參數了(le)。

以下就(jiu)來談(tan)談(tan)大(da)家通(tong)常(chang)查(cha)看(kan)(kan)鋰電(dian)池(chi)UPS常(chang)看(kan)(kan)的參數(shu)，想必很多人雖(sui)然(ran)對于(yu)(yu)這些參數(shu)看(kan)(kan)得多聽的多所以對其大(da)致代表的含義(yi)有(you)所了(le)解(jie)，但對于(yu)(yu)其定義(yi)還是不太(tai)了(le)解(jie)，現在就(jiu)讓存能電(dian)氣小編將其具體的含義(yi)收集整(zheng)理(li)給大(da)家看(kan)(kan)吧(ba)，以下定義(yi)主要收集于(yu)(yu)百度百科。

電池容量

電(dian)池容量(liang)是衡(heng)量(liang)電(dian)池性能(neng)的重要性能(neng)指標(biao)之一，它表示(shi)(shi)在一定(ding)條件下(放(fang)電(dian)率、溫(wen)度、終止電(dian)壓等)電(dian)池放(fang)出的電(dian)量(liang)(可用(yong)JS-150D做放(fang)電(dian)測試)，即電(dian)池的容量(liang)，通常(chang)以(yi)安培小時為單位(簡稱，以(yi)AH表示(shi)(shi)，1Ah=3600C)。

電(dian)(dian)池容(rong)(rong)量(liang)按(an)照(zhao)不(bu)同(tong)條(tiao)件分(fen)為實際容(rong)(rong)量(liang)、理論容(rong)(rong)量(liang)與額(e)定容(rong)(rong)量(liang)，電(dian)(dian)池容(rong)(rong)量(liang)C的計算式(shi)為C=intt0It1dt(在(zai)t0到(dao)t1時間內對電(dian)(dian)流I積分(fen))，電(dian)(dian)池分(fen)正負極。

標稱電壓

標(biao)(biao)(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)物理學的專業術語，是(shi)指穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)熱敏電(dian)阻器(qi)在+25℃時，標(biao)(biao)(biao)稱(cheng)工(gong)作電(dian)流所對應的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值。目前(qian)最常用的穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)熱敏電(dian)阻器(qi)的標(biao)(biao)(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)2伏，其它還(huan)有3伏、4伏、5伏、6伏等。標(biao)(biao)(biao)稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)也是(shi)表示(shi)或識(shi)別一種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的適當的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)近(jin)似值，也稱(cheng)為(wei)額定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，可(ke)用來(lai)鑒別電(dian)池(chi)(chi)類型。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池標稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是表示或識別(bie)一種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)適當的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)近(jin)似值(zhi)，也(ye)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，可(ke)用來鑒別(bie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池類(lei)型(xing)。例(li)如鉛(qian)酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)開路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)接近(jin)2.1V，標稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)2.0V。鋅(xin)錳(meng)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池標稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)1.5V，鎘鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池標稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)1.2V，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池標稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)3.7V。

其實標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)并不(bu)(bu)是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)實際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)實際容量發(fa)生變化的(de)(de)(de)。市面上會出現(xian)同一種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)標稱(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)場景或者(zhe)地域不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)情況，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)其實是沒有變化的(de)(de)(de)。

電池內阻

電池(chi)的內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)是指(zhi)電池(chi)在(zai)工(gong)作時，電流(liu)流(liu)過電池(chi)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)所受到的阻(zu)(zu)(zu)力，它包括(kuo)(kuo)歐(ou)姆內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)和極(ji)化(hua)(hua)內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，極(ji)化(hua)(hua)內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)又包括(kuo)(kuo)電化(hua)(hua)學極(ji)化(hua)(hua)內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)和濃差極(ji)化(hua)(hua)內(nei)(nei)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)。

對鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池而(er)言(yan),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池內阻(zu)分為歐姆(mu)內阻(zu)和(he)極(ji)化(hua)內阻(zu)。歐姆(mu)內阻(zu)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)材(cai)料(liao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)、隔膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)及各部分零件的(de)接觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)組成。極(ji)化(hua)內阻(zu)是指(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學反(fan)應時由極(ji)化(hua)引(yin)起的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，包括(kuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學極(ji)極(ji)化(hua)和(he)濃(nong)差極(ji)化(hua)引(yin)起的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。

鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的實際內阻是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在工作時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流流過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部(bu)所受(shou)到(dao)的阻力(li)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內阻大，(在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正常使(shi)用過程中)會產(chan)生(sheng)大量焦耳熱(根據公式(shi)：E=I^2RT)引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫度升(sheng)高，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降(jiang)低，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)縮短(duan)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)性能、壽命等造成(cheng)嚴重影響。

電(dian)池內(nei)阻大小的(de)精確計(ji)算相當復雜(za)，而且在(zai)電(dian)池使用過程中會不(bu)斷變化(hua)。根據經驗表(biao)明(ming)，鋰離子電(dian)池的(de)體積越大，內(nei)阻越小反之亦(yi)然。

自放電率

自(zi)放電(dian)率又(you)稱(cheng)荷(he)電(dian)保持能力，是(shi)(shi)指電(dian)池(chi)在開(kai)路狀(zhuang)態下，電(dian)池(chi)所儲(chu)(chu)存的電(dian)量在一定條件(jian)下的保持能力。主要受(shou)電(dian)池(chi)制造工藝、材(cai)料、儲(chu)(chu)存條件(jian)等因素影響。是(shi)(shi)衡量電(dian)池(chi)性(xing)能的重要參數。

自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)大小即自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率與(yu)正極材料在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)溶解性(xing)和它受熱后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)穩(wen)定性(xing)(易自我分解)有關。可充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)遠比一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)高。而且電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)類型不(bu)(bu)同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)每月的(de)(de)(de)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率也(ye)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)樣。一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)10-35%變動。儲存(cun)過程中(zhong)與(yu)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)伴隨的(de)(de)(de)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內阻上(shang)升，這(zhe)會造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)負荷力的(de)(de)(de)降低，而在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流較大的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，能(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)損失變化非(fei)常明(ming)顯。

這些參數(shu)單獨的(de)看其中一個的(de)數(shu)值對于判(pan)斷其鋰電池UPS的(de)性能優劣是不足夠的(de)，還(huan)要參考其它的(de)技(ji)術參數(shu)，綜合(he)評判(pan)所選(xuan)鋰電池UPS的(de)性能。