鋰離子電池與鉛酸蓄電(dian)池由于生(sheng)產制造的(de)工(gong)藝和原(yuan)材料化(hua)學配(pei)方(fang)的(de)不(bu)同，它們(men)在充(chong)放電(dian)性能(neng)方(fang)面的(de)差異比較大，所以鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池與鉛酸蓄電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法有很大的(de)不(bu)同，具體的(de)可(ke)以了解一下：

離子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)辦法是不相同的(de)(de)，鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)皮(pi)實耐用，對充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路要求不高。12V的(de)(de)鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓不超過(guo)(guo)15V就可以，而且鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流一般不大，充電(dian)(dian)時間比(bi)較長(chang)，不過(guo)(guo)其偶爾一次過(guo)(guo)充電(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)放(fang)點也(ye)不會導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)損壞。

同時(shi)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)池也不要保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器結(jie)構(gou)也很簡(jian)單基本(ben)上就是(shi)一個直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，因此恒壓（14.5V）限流（0.1-0.4C）的電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)就可以為鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

因(yin)為鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)生產(chan)制造使用(yong)的原材料化(hua)學性質比較(jiao)活躍，能量(liang)密度也比較(jiao)高，所以比較(jiao)嬌貴，使用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)和過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)都(dou)會導(dao)致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)立刻損壞，因(yin)此鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)幾乎(hu)都(dou)配備了保護電(dian)(dian)路，保護電(dian)(dian)路與鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池(chi)封(feng)裝在一起。

雖然(ran)配有保護電路，但是鋰離(li)子電池充(chong)電依然(ran)要恒(heng)(heng)流充(chong)電，電壓上升到(dao)4.2V（涓流充(chong)電閾值）時則轉(zhuan)為恒(heng)(heng)壓充(chong)電。

例如為一節容量為2200ma的18650鋰離子電(dian)池充電(dian)，充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)選0.2C為440ma。則充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)設(she)定(ding)為440ma。恒(heng)壓(ya)設(she)定(ding)在4.2V。

鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)和鉛酸電(dian)瓶，充(chong)電(dian)辦法有什么差(cha)別(bie)？

1鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)適配(pei)的充電(dian)器，執行(xing)的是恒流恒壓(ya)，因為(wei)鋰(li)電(dian)的內(nei)阻小，在設(she)計(ji)充電(dian)器的標(biao)準上首先確(que)保恒流，不(bu)管鋰(li)電(dian)缺電(dian)到什么低(di)電(dian)量，充電(dian)時只能輸出標(biao)稱的（比如(ru)1A），這就是恒流的限制。這種(zhong)手(shou)機充電(dian)器的特殊在確(que)保恒流時還要確(que)保電(dian)壓(ya)高于4.2v、如(ru)低(di)了形不(bu)成電(dian)流。

鋰電(dian)(dian)在充電(dian)(dian)中會隨著電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)逐漸(jian)上升而(er)電(dian)(dian)流逐漸(jian)減小，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)反(fan)逐漸(jian)回升，最后(hou)達標準4.2v時會自動截止。

因為鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)比(bi)較嬌貴(gui)，非(fei)得講究對保護板(ban)的技(ji)術含量，馬虎不得，倘若超1%向上(shang)持續(xu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)會(hui)出現(xian)鼓包等事故的，所以對充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)要講究原廠適(shi)配，不可亂混用充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)。

2鉛酸電池就(jiu)沒有鋰電那(nei)么金貴，比如(ru)說你隨便利(li)用變壓(ya)器用適(shi)配(pei)的一只二極管半波整流都可(ke)充電，但這(zhe)不是(shi)提倡(chang)的。電動(dong)汽車隨車有適(shi)配(pei)的充電器，它可(ke)利(li)用脈沖充電，分三段(duan)式、恒(heng)流恒(heng)壓(ya)洞(dong)流充電。

為何講究(jiu)30%電(dian)(dian)量向上充電(dian)(dian)，低電(dian)(dian)量充電(dian)(dian)時會(hui)恒流滿載輸電(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)時極(ji)板萌生的(de)熱量最大，會(hui)使極(ji)板鉛粉脫(tuo)落的(de)，會(hui)使電(dian)(dian)瓶續航(hang)里(li)程越(yue)來越(yue)短的(de)。

實際上鉛電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器也近(jin)似鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時每塊12V電(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶能分配到14.5V電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，它既(ji)保證(zheng)恒(heng)流又確保足夠電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，當兩側電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相似時就(jiu)出(chu)現洞流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，等充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)盒(he)冷卻了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流也就(jiu)截止(zhi)了(le)。

鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池與鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)方(fang)法(fa)之所(suo)以有那么大的區別，主要(yao)根源上還(huan)是因為(wei)電(dian)池制造材(cai)料上的性質不(bu)同，導致(zhi)各種充(chong)放電(dian)性能的不(bu)同。