鋰電池快充技術作為當下行業的熱門技術，很多人對其褒貶不一，這個主要是因為快充技術對鋰電池有一定的(de)安全(quan)隱患(huan)(huan)，而這些安全(quan)隱患(huan)(huan)有哪(na)些呢？引起這個安全(quan)隱患(huan)(huan)的(de)原因又是什么呢？

當鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高于(yu)3.0V時(shi)，就進(jin)入(ru)到第(di)二(er)階(jie)(jie)段，大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)階(jie)(jie)段（CCFastcharge）。由于(yu)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)經過(guo)第(di)一階(jie)(jie)段的(de)預充(chong)，其(qi)狀態已經比(bi)較穩定了（預充(chong)階(jie)(jie)段的(de)用(yong)途可以這樣理解~但并不嚴謹）。所(suo)以在第(di)二(er)階(jie)(jie)段，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就可以適(shi)當提(ti)高，根據不同的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說，這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)大(da)(da)小(xiao)可以從0.1C到幾C不等，其(qi)中C是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量，如(ru)2600mAh的(de)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，0.1C就是指260mA大(da)(da)小(xiao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

在這一個(ge)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)階段中，國家建議(yi)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是用0.1C電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，這個(ge)就(jiu)是標(biao)(biao)(biao)準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。不過(guo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)這個(ge)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準由于提出(chu)的(de)(de)時(shi)間很早，十幾年前的(de)(de)就(jiu)提出(chu)來。那時(shi)候因為(wei)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)技(ji)術遠(yuan)遠(yuan)不如現在穩定（不允許(xu)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)），所以才會有(you)這樣一個(ge)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準~~~采用標(biao)(biao)(biao)準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)唯(wei)一好處就(jiu)是充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)穩定，發(fa)生爆炸之(zhi)類的(de)(de)幾率非常小；缺點就(jiu)是費時(shi)間！

而快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)指在這(zhe)(zhe)個階段用(yong)(yong)大(da)于0.1C的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。假如鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容(rong)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)2600mAh，那么標準(zhun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)260mA，只要充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大(da)于260mA，就(jiu)可以(yi)(yi)含(han)義為(wei)(wei)(wei)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了。不過就(jiu)從目(mu)前的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池水(shui)平與充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理芯片的(de)(de)水(shui)平來說，用(yong)(yong)1C的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)都(dou)沒(mei)(mei)問(wen)題。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也沒(mei)(mei)有想象(xiang)中的(de)(de)那么危險。一般快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.2~0.8C，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)安全的(de)(de)。由于近幾年來的(de)(de)提升，現在的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器基本上都(dou)是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)類(lei)型的(de)(de)。而鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)最后一個階段為(wei)(wei)(wei)恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)階段，這(zhe)(zhe)個階段就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)檢測(ce)到鋰(li)(li)離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等于4.2V時，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器則進(jin)入恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)個階段充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)恒(heng)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4.2V，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)則越(yue)來越(yue)小(xiao)（慢慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿了，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)肯定(ding)變小(xiao)~）。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于100mA時，就(jiu)判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，切斷充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路。

這(zhe)一階段的特性，也可以解(jie)釋為何(he)手機(ji)指(zhi)示(shi)充(chong)滿電(dian)后，拔出USB線再去，手機(ji)又顯示(shi)繼續充(chong)電(dian)。

另(ling)外，要說(shuo)一下的(de)(de)(de)是：以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)是針關于單(dan)節鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)最理想充(chong)電(dian)過程，目前的(de)(de)(de)合格鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池充(chong)放電(dian)保護板都是這(zhe)樣子(zi)工作的(de)(de)(de)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)一(yi)般有(you)鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)兩種。這(zhe)(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)都(dou)是由若干(gan)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成(cheng)(cheng)組而成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)（鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)類型的(de)(de)(de)由6個(ge)或者8個(ge)串并(bing)聯組成(cheng)(cheng)；鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)類型的(de)(de)(de)則由若干(gan)個(ge)鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)串并(bing)聯組成(cheng)(cheng)）。而涉及到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)，這(zhe)(zhe)里又(you)有(you)另(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)問題(ti)(ti)了(le)(le)，就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)均(jun)衡問題(ti)(ti)。有(you)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)均(jun)衡問題(ti)(ti)，我(wo)(wo)在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)里不(bu)(bu)再詳說，百度一(yi)下就可以了(le)(le)。我(wo)(wo)只能說目前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)絕大(da)多(duo)數(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都(dou)沒有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)均(jun)衡管(guan)理，所以這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)導致了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)遠遠不(bu)(bu)如單(dan)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)(shou)命(ming)(ming)，這(zhe)(zhe)也解釋(shi)了(le)(le)為(wei)何電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)耐用(yong)，一(yi)年左右就報(bao)廢(fei)了(le)(le)~~~同(tong)時也解釋(shi)了(le)(le)當前(qian)(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)發展的(de)(de)(de)困境就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成(cheng)(cheng)組技術的(de)(de)(de)限制。

簡單(dan)來說(shuo)結論就是：快速充電(dian)(dian)是指(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大于(yu)(yu)0.1C的(de)充電(dian)(dian)方式，這種充電(dian)(dian)方式關于(yu)(yu)單(dan)個鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說(shuo)，對壽命與穩定性等(deng)的(de)影響非常小；但是假如關于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組來說(shuo)的(de)話，快充就是用時間換取電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命的(de)一種行為。

最后要(yao)說(shuo)(shuo)的是(shi)(shi)：使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標配充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)沒問題；但是(shi)(shi)關于那些打(da)著10分鐘充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)來說(shuo)(shuo)，就要(yao)注意(yi)了，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)這些充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)絕對大大影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命。

另外，關于電(dian)池(chi)組來說，電(dian)池(chi)均衡(heng)意義更重(zhong)要。快(kuai)充對電(dian)池(chi)組的壽命有影(ying)響正是因為(wei)電(dian)池(chi)組均衡(heng)問題沒(mei)有解決。

從(cong)上面的介(jie)紹上來說，快充技(ji)術對鋰電池的安全隱患主要(yao)是因為快充更容易導致電池熱失衡(heng)，發生自燃或爆炸(zha)安全事故，同時也會加速鋰電池使用(yong)壽命(ming)的消耗。