磷酸鐵鋰電池充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程是比較復雜的(de)(de)(de)，主要取(qu)決于三元鋰(li)資源的(de)(de)(de)短缺和技術進(jin)步，但是每(mei)一(yi)種類型的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)會有其(qi)優(you)缺點。因此三元鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池所需的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和容量也就成正比。因此有一(yi)個簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)公式可以(yi)預測磷酸鐵鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池所需要的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，其(qi)在(zai)理論上充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為2.5 V左右。壓(ya)差=充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流/(電(dian)(dian)(dian)池額定(ding)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）÷2×充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率×20。

如(ru)果您(nin)需要(yao)高電(dian)壓或(huo)低電(dian)壓，則會損壞電(dian)池；如(ru)果要(yao)充電(dian)時有電(dian)流要(yao)求功率范圍(wei)在(zai)0.5-3 A (如(ru)2.5 A)之間，則需要(yao)額(e)外補電(dian)，因(yin)為充放(fang)電(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)會出現電(dian)壓不穩定(ding)而(er)過高，產生(sheng)(sheng)過熱或(huo)過載；如(ru)果補給容量不夠，則會造成充放(fang)電(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)產生(sheng)(sheng)能量積(ji)累過多（或(huo)能量過度(du)消(xiao)耗而(er)報廢）等現象(xiang)。

1.不建議用(yong)戶(hu)長時間使用(yong)，并(bing)且需要(yao)定期(qi)檢(jian)查。

長(chang)(chang)時間使用(yong)(yong)(yong)磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶的(de)鋰(li)(li)離子可能會(hui)從活性材料(liao)中釋放(fang)出來(lai)，這是一個(ge)潛在的(de)危(wei)險；并且會(hui)對其內部的(de)鋰(li)(li)離子產(chan)生影響。建議定期(qi)檢查電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)狀態(tai)并進(jin)行(xing)充電(dian)(dian)。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)后的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應(ying)(ying)定期(qi)更換。如果使用(yong)(yong)(yong)年(nian)限過(guo)長(chang)(chang)或充電(dian)(dian)時間過(guo)長(chang)(chang)，磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（建議每三個(ge)月(yue)更換一次(ci)）應(ying)(ying)該注意其是否(fou)會(hui)老化或損壞。另外還(huan)要注意一下是否(fou)需要經(jing)常(chang)更換電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

2.長(chang)時間不使用，電(dian)池應處于(yu)虧電(dian)狀態；

如(ru)果(guo)長時間不(bu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，電池(chi)應(ying)(ying)處于完(wan)全充(chong)電狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態，并持(chi)續(xu)至少一周左(zuo)右使(shi)(shi)電池(chi)完(wan)全充(chong)滿電。電池(chi)必須(xu)在(zai)較低的(de)溫(wen)度下使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)理(li)想狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態：室溫(wen)不(bu)低于15℃，濕度在(zai)40%以下。如(ru)果(guo)長時間不(bu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，則應(ying)(ying)該將(jiang)電池(chi)放(fang)在(zai)干燥陰涼處，或將(jiang)電池(chi)放(fang)置在(zai)涼爽的(de)地方以防止其老化(hua)并使(shi)(shi)其在(zai)低溫(wen)下處于休眠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態。為了(le)避免水分進入電池(chi)中(zhong)從而引起電池(chi)反應(ying)(ying)遲鈍(dun)，防止電池(chi)過(guo)熱引起電池(chi)老化(hua)，應(ying)(ying)定期檢(jian)查并清理(li)其內部的(de)水分。

3.長期不使用，電(dian)池電(dian)量很低或已(yi)到報廢的(de)地步(bu)；

不用的(de)時(shi)候，應(ying)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)拆下，并用萬用表測(ce)量(liang)兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組之間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)發現(xian)明(ming)顯的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓偏低(di)(di)，說明(ming)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部短路或(huo)有(you)故障，應(ying)及時(shi)維修或(huo)更換。當你有(you)以下情況時(shi)，不要(yao)使用新(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)：當您(nin)的(de)新(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)很(hen)低(di)(di)，或(huo)在(zai)長時(shi)間不使用狀態下放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，例如(ru)(ru)夏(xia)季；當您(nin)在(zai)夏(xia)季使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)時(shi)，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)很(hen)低(di)(di)，請立即聯系(xi)(xi)經銷(xiao)商(shang)進(jin)(jin)行維修或(huo)更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。由于磷(lin)酸鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所使用的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液具有(you)腐蝕(shi)性，因此不宜(yi)長期存(cun)放在(zai)低(di)(di)溫(wen)環境(jing)下。長期存(cun)放應(ying)該(gai)每隔(ge)半(ban)年就更換一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液；若(ruo)發現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液變得渾(hun)(hun)濁(zhuo)不透明(ming)或(huo)者(zhe)呈現(xian)深黑(hei)色或(huo)渾(hun)(hun)濁(zhuo)現(xian)象時(shi)，應(ying)立即聯系(xi)(xi)經銷(xiao)商(shang)或(huo)售(shou)后(hou)維修部進(jin)(jin)行處(chu)理。磷(lin)酸鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)長期放不進(jin)(jin)溫(wen)度環境(jing)也會使其產生容量(liang)衰(shuai)減，甚至喪失(shi)性能。

4.對(dui)于三元鋰的(de)電(dian)池(chi)，當電(dian)池(chi)充放電(dian)速率超過額定值時，應(ying)采取措施以避免安全隱(yin)患；

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流都超過額定(ding)值時，應及時調整(zheng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法主要分為(wei)兩種(zhong)，即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液補電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和隔膜充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)本身具有的(de)(de)特性，每(mei)個人都可(ke)以通過改變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)來調整(zheng)整(zheng)個系統的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，從而(er)(er)可(ke)以達到(dao)最佳(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)額定(ding)值（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）后，將很快(kuai)停止充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。但在日常(chang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中，由于受到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液和設(she)備的(de)(de)影響，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中可(ke)能會出現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不穩定(ding)而(er)(er)過高。

5.在三元鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)處于欠用狀態后，通(tong)常需要(yao)一個(ge)放電(dian)周期。

在(zai)此周期內，電池(chi)開始處于快速放電階段。此時，如果充電不(bu)足，則需(xu)要進行充電。充電不(bu)足會導(dao)致(zhi)磷(lin)酸鐵鋰電池(chi)的(de)過熱和過載。如果不(bu)及時處理會導(dao)致(zhi)動(dong)力電池(chi)過度(du)消耗(hao)而報(bao)廢。