UPS電源根據工(gong)作(zuo)原理不(bu)同(tong)可以分為后(hou)備(bei)式(shi)、在線(xian)式(shi)和在線(xian)互動(dong)式(shi)三大類，它們各自有在應用方面(mian)的優(you)缺點，具體(ti)如下：

（1）后備式(shi)UPS平時處于蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)狀態，在停電(dian)時逆變(bian)器(qi)緊急切換到工(gong)作(zuo)狀態，將電(dian)池(chi)提供的(de)直(zhi)流電(dian)轉變(bian)為(wei)穩定(ding)的(de)交流電(dian)輸出，因此(ci)后備式(shi)UPS也被稱為(wei)離線式(shi)UPS。后備式(shi)UPS電(dian)源的(de)優點是：運(yun)行效率高、噪音低(di)、價格(ge)相(xiang)對便宜(yi)，主要適(shi)用(yong)于市電(dian)波動不大(da)，對供電(dian)質量要求(qiu)不高的(de)場合，比(bi)較適(shi)合家庭(ting)使用(yong)。然而這種UPS存在一個切換時間問題，因此(ci)不適(shi)合用(yong)在關鍵性的(de)供電(dian)不能中斷的(de)場所。

（2）在(zai)(zai)線(xian)式(shi)UPS這種UPS一(yi)直(zhi)使其逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)處于(yu)(yu)工作狀態，它首先通過電(dian)(dian)路將(jiang)外部交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉變(bian)為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)，再(zai)通過高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)將(jiang)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉換為高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)正弦波交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)輸出(chu)給計算(suan)機。在(zai)(zai)線(xian)式(shi)UPS在(zai)(zai)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)狀況下的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)功(gong)能(neng)是(shi)穩壓及防(fang)止電(dian)(dian)波干擾；在(zai)(zai)停電(dian)(dian)時則使用備用直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源（蓄電(dian)(dian)池組）給逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)。由于(yu)(yu)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)一(yi)直(zhi)在(zai)(zai)工作，因此(ci)不存在(zai)(zai)切(qie)換時間問題(ti)，適用于(yu)(yu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)源有嚴格要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)合。在(zai)(zai)線(xian)式(shi)UPS不同于(yu)(yu)后備式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)大(da)優點是(shi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)持續長，一(yi)般(ban)為幾個小時，也(ye)有大(da)到十幾個小時的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)功(gong)能(neng)是(shi)可(ke)以讓設(she)備在(zai)(zai)停電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況可(ke)像(xiang)平常一(yi)樣工作，顯然，由于(yu)(yu)其功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊，價格也(ye)明顯要(yao)貴一(yi)大(da)截。

（3）在(zai)(zai)線互動(dong)(dong)式UPS這是(shi)一種智能(neng)(neng)化的(de)UPS，所謂(wei)在(zai)(zai)線互動(dong)(dong)式UPS，是(shi)指在(zai)(zai)輸入(ru)市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正常(chang)時，UPS的(de)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器處于反向工(gong)作(zuo)（即整流工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態），給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；在(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)異常(chang)時逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器立刻轉為逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態，將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉換為交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輸出，因(yin)此在(zai)(zai)線互動(dong)(dong)式UPS也有轉換時間(jian)。同后備(bei)式UPS相比，在(zai)(zai)線互動(dong)(dong)式UPS的(de)保(bao)護功能(neng)(neng)較強(qiang)，逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)波形較好，一般(ban)為正弦波，而(er)其最(zui)大的(de)優點是(shi)具有較強(qiang)的(de)軟件(jian)功能(neng)(neng)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)方便地上(shang)網(wang)，進行UPS的(de)遠程(cheng)控制和智能(neng)(neng)化管理。可(ke)(ke)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)偵測外(wai)部輸入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)否處于正常(chang)范圍之內，如(ru)有偏(pian)差(cha)可(ke)(ke)由穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路升壓(ya)(ya)(ya)或降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，提供(gong)比較穩(wen)(wen)定的(de)正弦波輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。而(er)且它(ta)與計算機之間(jian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過數(shu)據接(jie)口（如(ru)RS-232串口）進行數(shu)據通(tong)訊(xun)，通(tong)過監控軟件(jian)，用戶可(ke)(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)屏(ping)幕(mu)上(shang)監控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源及UPS狀(zhuang)況(kuang)，簡化、方便管理工(gong)作(zuo)，并可(ke)(ke)提高(gao)計算機系統的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性。這種UPS集中(zhong)了后備(bei)式UPS效率高(gao)和在(zai)(zai)線式UPS供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量高(gao)的(de)優點，但其穩(wen)(wen)頻性能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)十分理想，不(bu)(bu)適合做常(chang)延(yan)時的(de)UPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。