高倍率電池在高倍率放電時，由于極化，電壓急劇下降，需要盡量降低電池電芯的(de)內阻。可在電極(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)(ji)(ji)片上焊接(jie)多只極(ji)(ji)(ji)耳，降低電池的(de)內阻，使電流(liu)密度增大(da)，電荷傳遞速度加(jia)快；但(dan)在實際操作過程中，正負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)基體(ti)易受損，影響大(da)電流(liu)放電的(de)效果。

通過改變高(gao)(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)電(dian)池(chi)內(nei)部結構(gou)(gou)來提高(gao)(gao)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)高(gao)(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)放電(dian)性能。電(dian)池(chi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)傳統(tong)的(de)1只卷芯的(de)電(dian)池(chi)結構(gou)(gou)，負極極耳為(wei)傳統(tong)的(de)鎳(nie)極耳；而高(gao)(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)電(dian)池(chi)為(wei)了降低內(nei)阻(zu)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)2只卷芯并聯的(de)結構(gou)(gou)，負極極耳采(cai)(cai)用(yong)導(dao)電(dian)性更(geng)好的(de)鋼帶(dai)，以保證電(dian)荷的(de)傳遞速度。電(dian)池(chi)和高(gao)(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)分別為(wei)42.5mΩ和20.2，高(gao)(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)比(bi)2-1電(dian)池(chi)降低了一半。

兩組(zu)電池分別(bie)以0.5C恒流(liu)充電至(zhi)4.2V轉恒壓充電2h，截止(zhi)(zhi)電流(liu)為0.02C（雙控制，只(zhi)要一個(ge)達到限制即(ji)可，下同）；再(zai)以15C恒流(liu)放電，終(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)電壓為2.75V。

普通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)由于內阻大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)瞬間即(ji)下(xia)降到(dao)2.75V以下(xia)，基本放(fang)(fang)(fang)不出電(dian)(dian)(dian)；高倍率(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)雖(sui)然在(zai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)初期電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下(xia)降較快，放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)平臺從3.7V下(xia)降到(dao)3.4V，但放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效果明顯優于采(cai)用傳統方式制作的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。采(cai)用2只(zhi)卷芯并(bing)聯(lian)的(de)(de)結構，同時使用導電(dian)(dian)(dian)性更好的(de)(de)銅極耳，可降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)內阻，提高大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)。

正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質與導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、粘(zhan)結(jie)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)配比(bi)的(de)(de)影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時性(xing)(xing)(xing)能，內阻極(ji)化(hua)(hua)明(ming)顯，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓急(ji)劇下(xia)(xia)降，因此(ci)要通(tong)(tong)過增(zeng)加導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)來提高(gao)正(zheng)(zheng)負極(ji)的(de)(de)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，以減小極(ji)化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓；同時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，會出現(xian)發熱現(xian)象，正(zheng)(zheng)負極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質有可能在(zai)循(xun)環過程(cheng)(cheng)中發生脫落。為了保證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)常工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)理想的(de)(de)循(xun)環壽命，需要合理地搭配活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質、導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)粘(zhan)結(jie)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。本文作者(zhe)研究了正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質與導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、粘(zhan)結(jie)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)配比(bi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)高(gao)倍(bei)(bei)率放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。以15C放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，兩種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瞬間都出現(xian)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)(xia)降，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質搭配適(shi)宜，極(ji)化(hua)(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度小于普(pu)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓平臺為3.6V，高(gao)于普(pu)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（3.5V）。這說(shuo)明(ming)高(gao)倍(bei)(bei)率電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質與導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、粘(zhan)結(jie)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)配比(bi)，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)高(gao)倍(bei)(bei)率性(xing)(xing)(xing)能有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)(ban)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)實密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正負極(ji)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)實密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。極(ji)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)實密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)過大(da)，雖(sui)然(ran)有利于提(ti)(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)，但是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)(ye)很難滲透到極(ji)板(ban)(ban)內(nei)部，造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)濃差極(ji)化和內(nei)阻增大(da)，而且過于致(zhi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)物質在(zai)循環過程中(zhong)，會由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)逐漸(jian)滲入，發(fa)生溶脹(zhang)，導(dao)致(zhi)脫落，造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)下降；極(ji)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)實密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)太小，雖(sui)然(ran)有利于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)滲透和減(jian)少電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)(de)濃差極(ji)化，并(bing)提(ti)(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)偏(pian)低。需(xu)要合理(li)地設計(ji)極(ji)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)、壓(ya)(ya)實密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)，在(zai)保證大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下，最(zui)大(da)限度(du)(du)(du)地提(ti)(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)。

電池的循環性能

高(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)電池在循(xun)環(huan)過程中，容量(liang)(liang)有回升(sheng)的現象，但(dan)總(zong)體來說，容量(liang)(liang)下降平穩。電池循(xun)環(huan)220次(ci)，容量(liang)(liang)衰減到額定容量(liang)(liang)的87%，能滿足航模等(deng)高(gao)倍(bei)率(lv)放電環(huan)境的需(xu)要。

通(tong)過(guo)(guo)改(gai)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)池卷芯的(de)結構，從內部降低了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)內阻，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池能夠以15C的(de)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。在此基礎上，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)調整活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質與導(dao)電(dian)(dian)劑(ji)的(de)配比，改(gai)善了(le)(le)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)平臺；通(tong)過(guo)(guo)調整極(ji)板的(de)面密度和壓(ya)實密度，提高了(le)(le)大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能。電(dian)(dian)池循環（0.5C恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)至4.2V轉恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)2h，截(jie)止電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為0.02C；擱置30min；15C放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，終止電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)2.75V）220次，容量衰減到額(e)定容量的(de)87%。