鋰亞電池是一次性電池，不可充電。鋰電池有一次性的鋰原電池，有鋰亞電池、鋰錳電池、鋰硫電池、鋰鐵電池等，都是原電池，不可充電的，有可充電的叫做蓄電池，應該稱鋰離子電池，電壓是3.7V的，也有磷酸鐵鋰做正極材料的鋰離子電池3.2V的標稱電壓。

鋰(li)亞硫酰(xian)氯(lv)電池(chi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學名(ming)稱為(wei)(wei)Li ? SOCl2, 簡稱為(wei)(wei)鋰(li)亞電池(chi)。 鋰(li)亞電池(chi)之所(suo)以能(neng)夠具備長期儲(chu)存壽命的(de)特點，是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)(wei)鋰(li)表(biao)面鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)抑制內(nei)部副反應(ying)，但是(shi)鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜的(de)形(xing)成也是(shi)相對的(de)。鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜分為(wei)(wei)兩種(zhong)，一種(zhong)是(shi)純的(de)LiC1鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜，另一種(zhong)是(shi)雜(za)質鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜。由于其(qi)特殊的(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學特性，鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效應(ying)，其(qi)年(nian)自放電電流(liu)小(xiao)于1%， 儲(chu)存壽命達10年(nian)以上，所(suo)以廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于水表(biao)，電表(biao)和燃氣表(biao)中做電源。

鋰(li)亞(ya)電(dian)池(chi)和(he)鋰(li)錳電(dian)池(chi)都是屬(shu)于一次(ci)性鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)，即電(dian)池(chi)本身的容量耗完之后不可再(zai)充電(dian)。

鋰亞電(dian)(dian)池全名叫(jiao)鋰亞硫酰氯(lv)電(dian)(dian)池,Li-Socl2，正(zheng)極(ji)是亞硫酰氯(lv)，開(kai)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)3.6V，終(zhong)止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)2.0V。

鋰(li)錳(meng)電(dian)池(chi)全名叫鋰(li)二氧化(hua)錳(meng)電(dian)池(chi)，Li-MnO2，正極是(shi)二氧化(hua)錳(meng)，開路(lu)電(dian)壓(ya)3.0V，終(zhong)止電(dian)壓(ya)1.8V。

鋰亞電池(chi)外殼(ke)一般(ban)是使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鋼殼(ke)的，鋰亞電池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的是304食品級不銹鋼，而有(you)的不良廠家為壓(ya)縮(suo)成本使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鐵殼(ke)，在(zai)選(xuan)擇時要仔(zi)細甄(zhen)別。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)滯后是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鋰(li)亞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個特點(dian)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)該種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)，其原理如下(xia)：組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)亞硫(liu)酰(xian)氯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種強氧化(hua)(hua)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)學物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，它同時起了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正(zheng)極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，亞硫(liu)酰(xian)氯與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)金屬鋰(li)接觸后，在金屬鋰(li)表面上立即形成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)層致(zhi)密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)，這一(yi)(yi)層鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種離(li)(li)子(zi)導體，鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)能(neng)(neng)在鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)中進行(xing)遷(qian)移(yi)(yi)，但由于其遷(qian)移(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速率(lv)很小，因此(ci)(ci)會阻(zu)擋電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)反應(ying)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中流過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流不大(da)于1uA/cm2（金屬鋰(li)表面積）時，鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)中鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遷(qian)移(yi)(yi)速率(lv)能(neng)(neng)夠滿足要求，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流較大(da)時，鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)中鋰(li)離(li)(li)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遷(qian)移(yi)(yi)速率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制(zhi)產(chan)(chan)生嚴重影響，鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)兩端(duan)(duan)產(chan)(chan)生很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)降(jiang)，此(ci)(ci)時具體表現就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低；隨(sui)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷流過，鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)逐(zhu)漸(jian)破裂，兩端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)降(jiang)逐(zhu)漸(jian)下(xia)降(jiang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)就(jiu)(jiu)逐(zhu)漸(jian)上升(sheng)直至(zhi)正(zheng)常(chang)。鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐(zhu)漸(jian)破裂過程就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)滯后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)除過程。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)極(ji)活(huo)性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)亞硫(liu)酰(xian)氯與金屬鋰(li)反應(ying)所產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因此(ci)(ci)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)過程（也就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滯后過程）會消(xiao)耗一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)，而這消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)也就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)部分。當然，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還包含電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正(zheng)負極(ji)間由于歐姆(mu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)小放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流所消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)。

根據使(shi)用要求的(de)不同，鋰(li)亞(ya)電池(chi)可分(fen)為功(gong)(gong)率型(xing)和能(neng)量(liang)型(xing)兩種，功(gong)(gong)率型(xing)鋰(li)亞(ya)電池(chi)大電流(liu)輸出(chu)能(neng)力較強，能(neng)量(liang)型(xing)鋰(li)亞(ya)電池(chi)儲能(neng)更多。對于使(shi)用年(nian)限(xian)較長(chang)，比如5年(nian)，待機和工作電流(liu)uA級的(de)（如：20uA-30uA），優先選用能(neng)量(liang)型(xing)鋰(li)亞(ya)電池(chi)。

鋰亞(ya)電池在生產封裝完(wan)成(cheng)后，需要(yao)經過幾(ji)個月(yue)的存儲，在出廠前必須要(yao)做預放電處理，也就是激(ji)活(huo)消(xiao)除(chu)鈍(dun)化(hua)膜。一般能量型鋰亞(ya)電池按(an)10-30mA放電或接330Q電阻(zu)放電5-10分鐘。

電表上使用鋰亞電池電流在20uA-30uA之間，所(suo)以(yi)不需要(yao)大(da)電流放(fang)電，鈍(dun)化(hua)現象可以(yi)保證鋰亞電池長期(qi)的存儲能力，若產生了嚴(yan)重的鈍(dun)化(hua)現象，在生產使用前必須激活(huo)消除鈍(dun)化(hua)現象。