新能源電動車的火爆發展，讓鋰電池生產成為公認的商業藍海，但是在行業中公認的難點就是鋰電芯之間的一致性比較難控制，盡管通過如電壓、內阻，使用極差系數法、標準差洗漱法和閾值法來篩選參數相對一致的電芯，但是電池(chi)成(cheng)組后，電池(chi)組內(nei)電芯一致性就很(hen)難維持，其影(ying)響因素諸多，如(ru)溫度場、電池(chi)極化、自放電等。

因而，電池組內電芯一致性的控制就顯得格外重要，目前，行業普遍采用電池管理系統來控制電池組內電池的一致性和安全，從而保護電池組，延長產品使用壽命。采用電池管理系統（BMS）可以(yi)實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池相對一(yi)致性的控(kong)制，從而避(bi)免(mian)由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池不一(yi)致在(zai)使用過程(cheng)中可能造成的過充過放，相對延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的使用壽命。帶有均衡(heng)功能的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池管理系統在(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度上環節了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的不一(yi)致問題，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組容量和能量利用率得以(yi)最大化。

從(cong)實驗數據(ju)中分析可(ke)以看出(chu)：帶有(you)MBS的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組采用充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備或充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，最(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現點往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)恒壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初(chu)期。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)初(chu)始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)是客(ke)觀存在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)，盡管(guan)初(chu)始(shi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)小，且在(zai)(zai)恒壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中能夠得(de)到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)均衡，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)得(de)到(dao)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)調節。但是在(zai)(zai)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)使用中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)溫度(du)場等(deng)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)催化(hua)下(xia)，不一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)現象必然逐漸(jian)加劇，進而可(ke)能導致(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中產生過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)或過(guo)(guo)放(fang)現象，當然電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組管(guan)理系統也(ye)必然會在(zai)(zai)保證(zheng)安全的(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)犧牲比分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)來保證(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)間的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)性。

當(dang)進(jin)行50%不均衡設置(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組采(cai)用充(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備或(huo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)進(jin)入(ru)恒壓(ya)(ya)或(huo)類(lei)似恒壓(ya)(ya)階段時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組內電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)均達到(dao)(dao)自(zi)身的(de)最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，此時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)也(ye)得到(dao)(dao)一定的(de)調節，但(dan)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備會(hui)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)也(ye)得到(dao)(dao)一定的(de)調節，但(dan)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備會(hui)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不一致(zhi)性(xing)的(de)調節能力較小，而充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不僅能夠防止單個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，對(dui)不一致(zhi)的(de)均衡作用相對(dui)要明顯。

綜上所述，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)出現最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓往往是在(zai)恒壓充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初期，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)間的不一(yi)(yi)致性(xing)是先天客觀存在(zai)的，更多的來源于(yu)長(chang)期使用過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，每一(yi)(yi)次(ci)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循(xun)環并不會(hui)引起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)間產生較大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓差和荷墊狀態差異，即不會(hui)導致較大不一(yi)(yi)致；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組內(nei)管理系(xi)統在(zai)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中也會(hui)對不一(yi)(yi)致進行一(yi)(yi)定的調節(jie)，也能夠防止(zhi)極(ji)端不平(ping)衡情況(kuang)下(xia)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)造(zao)成過(guo)(guo)充(chong)。