我們購買或使用電池的時候，經常會聽到關于電(dian)(dian)池的放電(dian)(dian)平臺和工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)壓，以及電(dian)(dian)池的充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)倍率(lv)這幾(ji)個(ge)概念，它(ta)們(men)分別是指什么(me)意思呢？了解(jie)它(ta)們(men)有什么(me)作(zuo)(zuo)用？

我們都(dou)知(zhi)道，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)隨著放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)進行而(er)曲線(xian)下滑(hua)的(de)(de)，但是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)之間有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)落差(cha)，所以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)均(jun)值，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)壓(ya)差(cha)之間的(de)(de)曲線(xian)平(ping)均(jun)數值。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺是(shi)針對(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)而(er)言的(de)(de)，是(shi)表征充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)平(ping)穩放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)時間。對(dui)于鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺和鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺的(de)(de)規定是(shi)不一(yi)樣的(de)(de)。

對于鎳氫電池而言，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)臺是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以后，放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變化(hua)不(bu)是同一(yi)個斜率下降(jiang)。一(yi)般的(de)(de)，剛開(kai)始放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)下降(jiang)比(bi)較快，過(guo)一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，隨(sui)著放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)進(jin)行，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)幾乎不(bu)變化(hua)，或者說(shuo)變化(hua)很小，這一(yi)段占(zhan)整個放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)絕大部(bu)分，就是放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)平(ping)臺。到快放完電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)又下降(jiang)的(de)(de)較快，直到放完電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)截止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

簡(jian)單(dan)地說，在電(dian)池(chi)恒流放電(dian)時，電(dian)壓的變化是：下降、平(ping)穩、下降，其中的平(ping)穩階段就是放電(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)。

對于鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而(er)言(yan)，鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺主要表征的是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在滿荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下(xia)(xia)、在制定的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)條件下(xia)(xia)(如(ru)倍率和溫度等)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)至額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的時間或容量，這段(duan)時間越長(放電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量越大)表明鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺越高，即該電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性能越好。

一(yi)般規(gui)定(ding)，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)平臺是恒壓充(chong)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為4.2V并(bing)且電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小于(yu)0.01C時(shi)停充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，然(ran)后擱置10分鐘，在任何倍率(lv)的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)下(xia)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)至3.6V時(shi)的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。是衡量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池好壞的(de)重要標準。

放電(dian)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)曲線平(ping)滑無倒勾，且在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定電(dian)壓處的(de)持(chi)續時(shi)間(jian)長(chang)(chang)，不同(tong)倍(bei)率下平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)壓是不同(tong)的(de)，但是不要一(yi)(yi)味(wei)的(de)追求高(gao)(gao)的(de)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，有的(de)時(shi)候平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)壓高(gao)(gao)，反而是因為容量(liang)下降(jiang)了，所以，平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)問題要多方面(mian)考慮(lv)，容量(liang)高(gao)(gao)且在(zai)某一(yi)(yi)電(dian)壓持(chi)續時(shi)間(jian)長(chang)(chang)，平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)壓高(gao)(gao)，才算是好(hao)電(dian)池。

什么(me)是電池工作電壓?

又(you)稱端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，是指電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在工作狀態(tai)下即(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)過時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正負極之間電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢差。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)工作狀態(tai)下，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內部時(shi)，不需克服電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)內阻(zu)所造成阻(zu)力，故(gu)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)總是低于開路電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)則與之相反。Li-ion的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在3.6V左右。

什(shen)么是(充放電)倍(bei)率(lv)(lv)?時(shi)率(lv)(lv)?

是指電池在(zai)規定(ding)(ding)的時(shi)間內放(fang)出其(qi)額定(ding)(ding)容量(liang)時(shi)所需(xu)要的電流值(zhi)，它在(zai)數據值(zhi)上等(deng)于電池額定(ding)(ding)容量(liang)的倍(bei)數，通常以(yi)字(zi)母C表示(shi)。如電池的標稱額定(ding)(ding)容量(liang)為600mAh為1C(1倍(bei)率(lv))，300mAh則為0.5C,6A(600mAh)為10C.以(yi)此類推.

時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)又稱小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv),時(shi)(shi)(shi)指電(dian)池以(yi)一定的(de)(de)電(dian)流放(fang)完其(qi)額定容量(liang)所需(xu)要的(de)(de)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數.如電(dian)池的(de)(de)額定容量(liang)為600mAh,以(yi)600mAh的(de)(de)電(dian)流放(fang)完其(qi)額定容量(liang)需(xu)1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),故稱600mAh的(de)(de)電(dian)流為1小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv),以(yi)此類推.