電池管理系統主(zhu)要(yao)由充(chong)電(dian)(dian)模(mo)塊(kuai)、數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)模(mo)塊(kuai)（包括電(dian)(dian)壓，電(dian)(dian)流，溫度數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)）、均衡(heng)模(mo)塊(kuai)、電(dian)(dian)量計算模(mo)塊(kuai)、數據(ju)顯示模(mo)塊(kuai)和存(cun)儲(chu)通信模(mo)塊(kuai)組成，主(zhu)要(yao)是對電(dian)(dian)池組使(shi)用進行管理和保護。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管理系(xi)統(tong)（BMS）涉及微(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦技術及檢測等(deng)技術，實(shi)施(shi)動(dong)態(tai)地(di)監控電(dian)(dian)(dian)池單元及電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的運(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，能夠準確地(di)計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)量，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池實(shi)施(shi)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護，促(cu)使(shi)其處在最佳工作狀(zhuang)態(tai)，降低運(yun)行(xing)成本，提高使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)。

電(dian)池組(zu)管理(li)系統結構(gou)采(cai)用模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊化、分布式的(de)設計(ji)，系統包含2級(ji)的(de)控制結構(gou)，即本地測量(liang)(liang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊與中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)處理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊。其中(zhong)，中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)處理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊主(zhu)要的(de)功能(neng)為利(li)用RS232接(jie)口和上位機(ji)實施通信，以CAN總(zong)線網絡形式進行和本地測量(liang)(liang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊連通；本地測量(liang)(liang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊主(zhu)要的(de)功能(neng)為數據采(cai)集(ji)(ji)（主(zhu)要為溫度、電(dian)流(liu)及(ji)電(dian)壓的(de)數據采(cai)集(ji)(ji)），充放(fang)電(dian)控制，電(dian)量(liang)(liang)測量(liang)(liang)，單個電(dian)池均衡(heng)及(ji)利(li)用CAN總(zong)線技術與中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)處理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊通信等。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組管理系統中數(shu)據采集模塊負責采集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)狀態參數(shu)，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、溫(wen)度；充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制模塊按(an)預充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、恒流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)恒壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三個階段進行(xing)自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，并(bing)根(gen)據采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程進行(xing)控制；均衡(heng)模塊在(zai)適當(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou)通過(guo)15W的(de)(de)(de)(de)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源對單個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行(xing)均衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組中的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)更加(jia)均衡(heng)一(yi)致；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量估(gu)測(ce)(ce)單元(yuan)主要是分(fen)析采集過(guo)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態參數(shu)并(bing)根(gen)據研(yan)究試(shi)驗得(de)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量估(gu)測(ce)(ce)算法，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)(dang)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量進行(xing)估(gu)測(ce)(ce)；數(shu)據顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)單元(yuan)采用圖文液晶顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)屏，可顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)各(ge)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，剩余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)溫(wen)度和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間；存儲通信(xin)(xin)單元(yuan)通過(guo)存儲芯片(pian)定時(shi)(shi)(shi)把充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)息（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間等(deng)）存儲起來，可通過(guo)串口與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦通信(xin)(xin)，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦上顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)息。