鋰離子電池組與其它高能二次電池如Ni-Cd蓄電池，Ni-MH蓄電池、鉛酸蓄電池等相比，鋰離子電池在性能上具有顯著的優越性，重要表現在以下幾方面。

(1)工作(zuo)電壓高
以石墨(mo)或石油焦等炭(tan)質嵌(qian)鋰(li)化合(he)物(wu)代替金屬鋰(li)作(zuo)為負(fu)極，會使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有所下(xia)降(jiang)。但由于它們嵌(qian)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位較低，可使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓損失減小(xiao)到(dao)最低限度(du)。同時，選擇合(he)適的(de)嵌(qian)鋰(li)化合(he)物(wu)作(zuo)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正極，選擇適當的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液體(ti)系(決定了(le)鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學窗口)，可使(shi)(shi)鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)具(ju)有較高的(de)工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(-4V)，遠高于水溶(rong)液體(ti)系電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
(2)比容量(liang)大(da)
雖然以炭質(zhi)材料代替金屬(shu)(shu)鋰(li)(li)會使材料質(zhi)量(liang)比(bi)(bi)容量(liang)有(you)(you)所降低，但實(shi)際上(shang)金屬(shu)(shu)鋰(li)(li)二次電(dian)池中為保證電(dian)池具有(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)循環壽命，負極金屬(shu)(shu)鋰(li)(li)通常過量(liang)三倍以上(shang)，因此鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)池中質(zhi)量(liang)比(bi)(bi)容量(liang)實(shi)際的(de)降低程(cheng)度并(bing)不大，而且體積(ji)比(bi)(bi)容量(liang)幾乎沒(mei)有(you)(you)降低。
(3)能量密度高
較(jiao)高的工作電(dian)(dian)壓和體積比容量決(jue)定(ding)了(le)二(er)次鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池的能(neng)量密度(du)較(jiao)高。與目前廣泛使用的Ni-Cd蓄電(dian)(dian)池和Ni-MH蓄電(dian)(dian)池相比，二(er)次鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池能(neng)量密度(du)最高，且仍有(you)很大(da)的發展潛力。
(4)安全性能好(hao)，循環壽命長
用金(jin)屬鋰(li)(li)作陽極的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不安全(quan)的(de)原(yuan)因是(shi)多(duo)(duo)次充(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)正極結構發生(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)化，形成多(duo)(duo)孔枝晶(jing)(jing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)升高溫度時(shi)(shi)，它與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液發生(sheng)(sheng)劇烈的(de)放(fang)(fang)熱反(fan)應(ying)，且枝晶(jing)(jing)能刺穿隔膜(mo)，造成內部短路(lu)，而鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)不存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)此問題，是(shi)很安全(quan)的(de)。為(wei)防止(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)金(jin)屬鋰(li)(li)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)要控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，為(wei)保險起見，鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)備有(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)重安全(quan)裝(zhuang)置。鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)插入和(he)(he)脫嵌在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)陰極和(he)(he)陽極上沒有(you)(you)任(ren)何結構改變(bian)(在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)插入和(he)(he)脫嵌過程中(zhong)晶(jing)(jing)格(ge)會(hui)有(you)(you)一些(xie)膨(peng)脹和(he)(he)收縮(suo))，且因為(wei)嵌鋰(li)(li)化合(he)物比金(jin)屬鋰(li)(li)更穩(wen)定，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)充(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)不會(hui)形成鋰(li)(li)枝晶(jing)(jing)，從而明(ming)顯地(di)改善了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)安全(quan)性能，同時(shi)(shi)循環壽命也(ye)大(da)大(da)提高。鋰(li)(li)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)1989年和(he)(he)1990年分別(bie)被(bei)美國運輸部危險品運輸處和(he)(he)IAIT(國際航空與運輸協會(hui))排(pai)除在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)危險品之內。
(5)自放電率小
鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組采用非水電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)體系(xi)，嵌鋰炭(tan)材料在(zai)非水電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)體系(xi)中熱力學不穩定。在(zai)首(shou)次充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中因電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)的還原(yuan)會(hui)在(zai)炭(tan)負極表面(mian)形成一層固(gu)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)中間相((SEI)膜(mo)，允許(xu)鋰離子通(tong)過但不允許(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子通(tong)過，并使不同荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)態的電(dian)(dian)(dian)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)極活性物質(zhi)處(chu)于(yu)相對穩定的狀態，因此具有較低的自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率。
(6)清潔無污(wu)染
鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)組(zu)不含有鉛(qian)、福(fu)、汞等有毒物質，同時因為(wei)電池(chi)必須被很(hen)好地(di)密封，在使用過程中(zhong)極少有氣體放出，不對環(huan)境造成污染(ran)。生(sheng)產(chan)制造過程中(zhong)用于溶解粘結劑(ji)的(de)溶劑(ji)也可以做到完(wan)全回收(shou)。Sony等鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)大(da)型生(sheng)產(chan)公司，從1997年(nian)己經(jing)陸續開始(shi)了鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)的(de)回收(shou)以及(ji)材料(如金屬(shu)鉆(zhan)等)的(de)再生(sheng)循(xun)環(huan)工(gong)作。另外，1996年(nian)Sony的(de)鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)經(jing)鑒定符合(he)IS014001國(guo)際環(huan)境標準(zhun)[71O

(7)電流效率高
不同于(yu)以往任何一種水溶液體(ti)系二次電池(chi)(chi)，鋰離子電池(chi)(chi)組在正常的充放電過程(cheng)中(zhong)不會出(chu)現氣體(ti)，電流(liu)效(xiao)率接(jie)近100%，這(zhe)一性質特別適合用作電力儲存和轉換的電池(chi)(chi)組。