蓄電池具有自(zi)放電效應。從生(sheng)產制造車(che)間(jian)(jian)到用戶使用，大約要延誤數月的時間(jian)(jian)。

以PA-NASONIC蓄電池為例，在30℃的環境溫度下貯藏8個月，蓄電池的殘存容量僅為出廠時的一半，因此對于新購買的與UPS配套的蓄電池，一般要進行一次較長時間的充電，這叫做初充電。蓄電池的初充電電流大小應按0.1C來充電，蓄電池在放電終了后可進行再充電，這叫正常充電。目前在UPS中普遍采用兩種充電方式：浮充和脈充。所謂浮充電是指整流器的輸出與蓄電池并聯工作，并同時向負載供電，實際上此時整流器提供的電流分兩路，一路送給負載，另一路送給蓄電池，以補充蓄電池自身內部損耗，浮充充電工作方式接線簡單，對改善UPS輸出瞬態響應特性有好處。脈沖充電的特點是充電電流隨蓄電池容量而變化，用這種方式充電，可以縮短充電時間。

1.充電電壓

由于UPs蓄電(dian)池(chi)屬于備(bei)用(yong)工作方(fang)式，市電(dian)正常情況下處于充電(dian)狀態，只有停(ting)電(dian)時才會放(fang)電(dian)。為延長蓄電(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命，UPS的充電(dian)器一(yi)般采用(yong)恒壓限流的方(fang)式控制，蓄電(dian)池(chi)充滿后即轉為浮充狀態。

對于端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為12V的蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，正常的浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在13.5~13.8V之間。浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過(guo)低，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)滿，浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓過(guo)高，會(hui)造(zao)成過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)過(guo)14V時，即認(ren)為是過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。嚴禁對蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因為過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)造(zao)成蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)所含的水(shui)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解成氫和氧而逸出，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)濃度(du)增大(da)，導致蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命縮短，甚至損壞。

2.充電(dian)電(dian)流

蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)一般以C來(lai)表示，C的(de)實際值與蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)有關。舉例來(lai)講，如果是(shi)100Ah的(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)：C為100A。松(song)下鉛酸免(mian)維護蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)最佳充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為0.1C左右(you)，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)決不能大于0.3C。充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)過(guo)(guo)大或過(guo)(guo)小都會影響(xiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使用壽(shou)命。

理想的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)應采(cai)用分階段(duan)定流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式，即在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初期采(cai)用較大的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一定時(shi)間(jian)后，改為較小的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，至充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末(mo)期改用更小的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的設計一般為0.1C，當充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)超過(guo)0.3C時(shi)可認為是過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。避免(mian)用快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則(ze)會(hui)使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于“瞬(shun)時(shi)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”和“瞬(shun)時(shi)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”狀態，造成蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可供(gong)使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)下降甚(shen)至損(sun)壞(huai)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)導致蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)極板彎曲，活性物質脫落(luo)，造成蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)下降，嚴重時(shi)會(hui)損(sun)壞(huai)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

3.充電(dian)方式

鉛酸蓄(xu)電池放電產物是硫酸鉛，若不及時轉化掉，會使(shi)蓄(xu)電池處于(yu)充(chong)電不足(zu)狀態，從而降低蓄(xu)電池放電容量和(he)縮(suo)短蓄(xu)電池使(shi)用壽命(ming)。因(yin)此，必須使(shi)蓄(xu)電池組處于(yu)充(chong)足(zu)電狀態。對不同情況，可(ke)分浮充(chong)和(he)均充(chong)。

（1）浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。在線式(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組是長期(qi)并聯(lian)在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器和(he)負載線路上，作(zuo)為(wei)后(hou)備電(dian)(dian)源的(de)工作(zuo)方式(shi)。一般情況下，都采(cai)用浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，單體(ti)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓控(kong)制在2.25V（相對(dui)于2V蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)），并定期(qi)觀察(cha)、記錄浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)壓變化(hua)。如果單體(ti)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓偏低(di)，說(shuo)明蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)不足，容量(liang)不夠，應注意跟蹤。

（2）均(jun)(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。所(suo)謂均(jun)(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)把每個蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單元并聯(lian)起來(lai)，用(yong)統一的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)在(zai)浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中存在(zai)落后蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低于2.20V，相對于2V蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)），或浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)3個月后，宜(yi)進(jin)行(xing)均(jun)(jun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，其(qi)單體(ti)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)控制(zhi)在(zai)2.35V，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)6~8h（注(zhu)意(yi)，一次均(jun)(jun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)時間不宜(yi)太長(chang)），然后調回到浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)值，再觀(guan)察落后蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)變化，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)仍未到位，相隔兩周(zhou)后再均(jun)(jun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)一次。一般(ban)情況下，新的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)經過(guo)6個月浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、均(jun)(jun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)后，其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)會趨于一致。均(jun)(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一般(ban)選0.3C或略(lve)小于0.3C。額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為12V的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，均(jun)(jun)衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)一般(ban)選14.5V。

當(dang)UpS的蓄(xu)電池在使用(yong)中遇到下(xia)述情況之(zhi)一時，要想恢復(fu)蓄(xu)電池的可充放電特性，應采用(yong)均(jun)衡充電的辦法(fa)來解決。

1）過量放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使得蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓低于蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池所允許(xu)的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。對12V的M型鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池而言(yan)，其放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為10.5V左右。

2）UPS蓄(xu)電池組中(zhong)，各蓄(xu)電池單元之間的端(duan)電壓差(cha)別超(chao)過1V左右。

3）長時(shi)間放置不(bu)用(yong)，超過靜(jing)態存儲時(shi)間的蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。常溫環境(jing)，一般UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的靜(jing)態存儲時(shi)間為(wei)(wei)9個月(yue)。當(dang)溫度為(wei)(wei)31~40℃時(shi)，靜(jing)態存儲時(shi)間為(wei)(wei)5個月(yue)（包括新購蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)）。

4）重新更(geng)換了電解液的蓄電池。

5）放電(dian)(dian)后末能及時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的蓄電(dian)(dian)池。

6）長(chang)期工(gong)作(zuo)于浮(fu)充狀態（即UPS長(chang)期工(gong)作(zuo)于市電狀態）并超過靜態存儲(chu)時(shi)間。

7）不慎放電(dian)(dian)，將蓄電(dian)(dian)池端電(dian)(dian)壓放至低于終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)壓。

對于NP6-12型密封(feng)式鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)池，其均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓為14V左右，最大(da)允許的(de)均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)于0.28C；對于LCL12V24P型密封(feng)式鉛(qian)酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)池，其均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓為14V左右最大(da)允許的(de)均(jun)衡(heng)(heng)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)于8A。

（8）溫(wen)度補(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)。雖然(ran)蓄電池的工作溫(wen)度范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)很寬，可(ke)在-15~+45℃范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內運行(xing)(xing)，但是蓄電池運行(xing)(xing)最佳(jia)環(huan)境溫(wen)度為25℃左右，如果環(huan)境溫(wen)度變化較大，需用(yong)溫(wen)度系數進行(xing)(xing)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)(chang)（-3mV/℃）。

（9充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)操(cao)作(zuo)。蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的初充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)大小一般按(an)說明書中(zhong)的規定(ding)值，或(huo)按(an)額定(ding)容(rong)量1/10的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來進行。使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)正常充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，最好(hao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)分(fen)級定(ding)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式，即在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)初期用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)后(hou)，改用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，至于充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期，改用(yong)(yong)更小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。這種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)較(jiao)高，它所(suo)需充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)短，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)果(guo)也好(hao)，對(dui)延長(chang)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命有(you)利。有(you)的新型智UPS采(cai)用(yong)(yong)定(ding)期自動監測(ce)及循環充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的方(fang)式進行對(dui)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以延長(chang)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命。

（10）治(zhi)療性充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。對于(yu)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)治(zhi)療性充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程，從放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量和蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值判斷每(mei)只蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)“健(jian)康情況”，因為不(bu)(bu)同放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容量過程中(zhong)每(mei)只蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓變化就代表了該蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)“健(jian)康”狀況，如(ru)有(you)不(bu)(bu)合格的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，應采取補(bu)救(jiu)措施。

有些UPS蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)欠電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是(shi)由于UPS逆變(bian)器末級(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路損壞，造成(cheng)(cheng)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)所致。若在修好電(dian)(dian)(dian)路故障后，應及時將蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接入原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，仍然會使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)復好如初。問題在于欠電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)無法(fa)使(shi)UPS啟動(dong)(dong)成(cheng)(cheng)功。此(ci)時，可用如下辦法(fa)解決：

1）先用好(hao)的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)將UPS啟動到市(shi)電(dian)(dian)狀態后(hou)，再(zai)撤(che)掉好(hao)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)換(huan)(huan)上(shang)待充電(dian)(dian)的(de)欠(qian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。在調換(huan)(huan)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)時(shi)，要求UpS空載運行(xing)。一般UpS迸入市(shi)電(dian)(dian)狀態后(hou)，只(zhi)要保持輸入市(shi)電(dian)(dian)正(zheng)常，撤(che)掉蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不會影(ying)響市(shi)電(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)狀態。給(gei)欠(qian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充電(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)，應(ying)注意觀(guan)察(cha)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流。

2）將欠電(dian)壓(ya)的蓄電(dian)池先充電(dian)到10.5V（相對于12V蓄電(dian)池）以上，便(bian)可使UPS成功(gong)啟動。

4.放電要求(qiu)

蓄電(dian)池(chi)實際(ji)放(fang)出的容(rong)量與放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流有關(guan)，放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流越大，蓄電(dian)池(chi)的效率越低。例如(ru)，

12V/24Ah的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)當(dang)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)0.4C時，放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)終(zhong)止電(dian)壓的(de)(de)時間是1小時50分，實際(ji)輸出容量17.6Ah，效率為(wei)73.3[%]。當(dang)放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)為(wei)7C時，放(fang)電(dian)至(zhi)終(zhong)止電(dian)壓的(de)(de)時間僅(jin)為(wei)20s，實際(ji)輸出容量0.93Ah，效率為(wei)3.9[%]。所以(yi)應避免大(da)電(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)，以(yi)提高蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)效率。一般電(dian)路設計(ji)和(he)用戶選擇負載時，都要保護UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)逆變放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)不超過2C。

放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)對(dui)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用(yong)壽命(ming)的(de)(de)影響也非(fei)常(chang)大，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)越深，其循(xun)(xun)環使用(yong)次數就(jiu)越少。雖然UPS郡有蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓保護功能(neng)，一般單節(jie)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至10.5V（相(xiang)對(dui)于12V蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)）左右時(shi)，UpS就(jiu)會自動關機，但是如(ru)果UPS處于輕載放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或空載放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)情況下，盡管小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)提高蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)效(xiao)率，但是當用(yong)極小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流（小于0.05C）長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，將導致蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)實(shi)(shi)際放(fang)(fang)出(chu)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)超過其額定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)，從(cong)而造成(cheng)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)嚴重的(de)(de)深度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)為(wei)100[%]時(shi)，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)實(shi)(shi)際使用(yong)壽命(ming)約為(wei)200~250次充(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)循(xun)(xun)環；放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)深度(du)為(wei)50[/%]

時(shi)(shi)，約為500~600次充放電(dian)(dian)循環(huan)。因此，在使用UPS時(shi)(shi)，既要避免重載過(guo)電(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)，又

要(yao)(yao)避免長(chang)時(shi)間輕載放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)造成(cheng)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)深度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。更要(yao)(yao)避免蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)短路放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則，會嚴重(zhong)損壞蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)再充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力和儲(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力，縮(suo)短使用(yong)壽命。在蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)實際應(ying)用(yong)中，不是首先追求放(fang)出容量的(de)百分之多少，而是要(yao)(yao)關注發現和處(chu)理落后(hou)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，經對(dui)落后(hou)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處(chu)理后(hou)再做(zuo)核對(dui)性放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)實驗。這樣(yang)可防止事(shi)故，以免放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)中落后(hou)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)惡化(hua)為反極(ji)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。