新能源汽車主要的缺點就是充電耗費時間過長和續航里程不理想，以及后期的電池更換過(guo)于昂(ang)貴等問(wen)題，讓(rang)很多(duo)想(xiang)入手的(de)朋友變(bian)得猶豫，再加上時常看到新能源汽(qi)車(che)(che)自(zi)燃爆炸的(de)事故，更是(shi)(shi)讓(rang)很多(duo)朋友放棄了(le)購買(mai)的(de)想(xiang)法，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)不管怎(zen)么樣(yang)，新能源汽(qi)車(che)(che)是(shi)(shi)未來汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)發(fa)展趨(qu)勢(shi)，盡管限(xian)于基礎的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設施和純(chun)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)續航(hang)里程，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的(de)銷量(liang)已經快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)速走(zou)高，當然各大車(che)(che)企也在(zai)通過(guo)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)迭(die)代，來新增(zeng)自(zi)家電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)型的(de)續航(hang)里程或者在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式上下功夫，比如現在(zai)很多(duo)車(che)(che)企都推出了(le)汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)下，很多(duo)朋友又(you)有(you)了(le)：快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)對(dui)汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用壽命有(you)什么傷害？的(de)問(wen)題。

消費者之(zhi)所以(yi)購買電動汽車，多(duo)是(shi)因為有剛性用車需求，而(er)又限于地方牌照(zhao)政策而(er)購買，但購買之(zhi)后的實際體(ti)驗(yan)比(bi)較一般，尤其居住周邊沒有充(chong)電樁(zhuang)的用戶，可以(yi)說在充(chong)電方面十分痛(tong)苦。

有限的續(xu)航里(li)程(cheng)(cheng)，長時間(jian)(jian)(jian)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)，似乎讓新(xin)能(neng)源進入(ru)了一個低谷(gu)，如何才能(neng)解決這些問題呢？新(xin)增電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組擴大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)的續(xu)航里(li)程(cheng)(cheng)；或(huo)改進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池技(ji)術(shu)，新(xin)增電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量；再或(huo)者能(neng)讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率新(xin)增，縮短充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)……其中，縮短充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)是目前比較(jiao)容易實(shi)現(xian)的技(ji)術(shu)。

目前建(jian)造的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁都支持2種(zhong)(zhong)模式的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)：慢(man)充(chong)(chong)、快充(chong)(chong)！這好比我們的(de)(de)手機(ji)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，有快充(chong)(chong)和慢(man)充(chong)(chong)2種(zhong)(zhong)模式，在快充(chong)(chong)模式下，電(dian)(dian)池能(neng)快速的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)，至少要比慢(man)充(chong)(chong)快接近40%的(de)(de)速度。而(er)這里的(de)(de)汽車充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)也是類(lei)似的(de)(de)概念，但是在效率上要遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)于手機(ji)。

不過，這里(li)要車友了解(jie)的是(shi)，快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)兩個概念。慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的時(shi)間一(yi)(yi)般為6-8小時(shi)，在(zai)這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)受到的傷害最小。而快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種應急充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式，用的是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)功率直流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（也有交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)），這個直流(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)一(yi)(yi)般都(dou)是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的，要通過整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)裝置將(jiang)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)換為直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對動力鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組的耐壓(ya)(ya)性和保護(hu)提出更高要求，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)(da)(da)，是(shi)常規充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的十倍(bei)甚至幾十倍(bei)。大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子以非(fei)常高的速度從正極流(liu)(liu)(liu)向負極。快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，一(yi)(yi)般30分鐘(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)進80%的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，有些車企在(zai)技(ji)術(shu)上有突(tu)破，能做到5分鐘(zhong)(zhong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)80%的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)！這樣的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率實在(zai)高的嚇人，但問題也來了，如此快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)會(hui)對汽車電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)造成影響嗎？畢竟電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相當于普通車的三大(da)(da)(da)件。

理論上會對電(dian)池造成影響，畢竟(jing)快(kuai)速充電(dian)會對減(jian)少電(dian)池的循環充電(dian)壽命，因為電(dian)池是(shi)通(tong)過化(hua)學(xue)能轉化(hua)成電(dian)能，充電(dian)屬(shu)于逆(ni)向化(hua)學(xue)反應，經常快(kuai)速充電(dian)會降低電(dian)池的還原能力，減(jian)少電(dian)池的充電(dian)循環次數(shu)。

為了緩(huan)解快充(chong)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負(fu)面用途(tu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車中非常重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個部(bu)件(jian)BMS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理系統。關(guan)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車來講，BMS是(shi)(shi)快充(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心部(bu)件(jian)。BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)用途(tu)是(shi)(shi)智能(neng)(neng)化管(guan)理及維護各個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)元，防(fang)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)出現過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和過放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用壽命，監控電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態。比如，當你給新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)車快充(chong)時，BMS可(ke)(ke)以(yi)對(dui)輸入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流及電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓進行控制(zhi)后，盡可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)少快充(chong)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)傷，所以(yi)在有限的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間內這(zhe)些(xie)損(sun)傷可(ke)(ke)忽略不計，可(ke)(ke)見BMS關(guan)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)。另外(wai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)組一(yi)(yi)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在快充(chong)時可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)會(hui)有部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組在受保護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)不能(neng)(neng)完全充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，長(chang)時間快充(chong)會(hui)造成這(zhe)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組性(xing)能(neng)(neng)下(xia)降。

雖然說(shuo)快充(chong)技(ji)術對汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)電(dian)池有一定(ding)的(de)不友(you)好，但(dan)是(shi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)企會(hui)充(chong)提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)技(ji)術的(de)智能控制和電(dian)池本身(shen)的(de)性(xing)能質量進行提(ti)高，會(hui)一定(ding)程度上彌補因為快充(chong)帶來的(de)損(sun)害(hai)，所以(yi)說(shuo)，大家不必(bi)過于擔心電(dian)池快充(chong)技(ji)術對汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)電(dian)池損(sun)害(hai)過大的(de)問(wen)題，只要合理的(de)使用汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)，啟動電(dian)池的(de)使用安全(quan)和壽(shou)命(ming)會(hui)達到預期的(de)效果的(de)。